Key points about blood sampling for regular monitoring of poultry flocks Using bird blood for serology, which involves the study of blood serum and its components, is a common practice in avian research and veterinary medicine. Serum, Plasma, peripheral and arterial blood are used for different purposes.
❇️ Bird blood can provide valuable information about the health, immune response, and disease status of birds.
❇️ Here are some key points to consider when using bird blood for serology:
1. Sample Collection: When collecting blood samples from birds, it is important to follow proper aseptic techniques to avoid contamination. We are allowed to take blood one percent of body weight. The most common method for collecting blood from birds is by venipuncture, which involves drawing blood from a vein like right jagular, wing, and metatarsal vein. The specific site for blood collection may vary depending on the bird species and size.
2. Serum Separation: After collecting the blood sample, it needs to be processed to obtain serum. Serum is the liquid component of blood that remains after the formation of the blood clot. To obtain serum, the blood sample is usually left undisturbed in a collection tube for a period of time to allow clotting. After clotting, the sample is centrifuged to separate the serum from the clot and other cellular components.
3. Serological Tests: Once the serum is obtained, it can be used for various serological tests. Serological tests detect and measure specific antibodies or antigens in the blood serum.
❇️ Common serological tests used in bird research and veterinary medicine include enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hemagglutination inhibition assay (HI), and virus neutralization assay (VNA).
❇️ These tests can be used to diagnose infections, monitor immune responses, and assess vaccine efficacy in birds.
4. Interpretation of Results: The interpretation of serological test results requires careful consideration of various factors. Baseline values for antibody titers or antigen levels may vary among different bird species, ages, and health status. Therefore, it is essential to establish appropriate reference ranges or titers for the specific species under investigation. Additionally, cross-reactivity with closely related pathogens or vaccination history can influence the test results and should be taken into account.
5. Ethical Considerations: When working with birds, it is important to adhere to ethical guidelines and regulations regarding the collection of blood samples. The welfare of the birds should be a priority, and procedures should be conducted in a manner that minimizes stress and discomfort.
