👉ASCITIS(water belly)
Ascitis or water belly is the accumulation of excess fluid in abdominal cavity, this fluid may also contain yellow fibrin clots.
Scientifically it is also called “Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome”.
🐓PATHOLOGY
Pulmonary hypertension syndrome results from increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries when the heart tries to pump more blood through the lungs to meet the body’s oxygen requirement. The resultant volume and pressure overload on the right ventricle lead to dilatation and hypertrophy of the right ventricular wall, valvular insufficiency, right ventricular failure and ascites.
🐓SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
¶ Swollen & distended abdomen that is full of liquid.
¶ Red skin along their abdomen, likely missing feathers.
¶ Waddling when walking.
¶ Labored breathing.
¶ Lethargy & lack of appetite.
¶ Possible cyanosis (a blue discolouration of the skin, especially around the comb and wattles and muscle tissue).
🐓LESIONS
¶ Variable amounts of clear, yellow fluid and clots of fibrin in the hepatoperitoneal spaces and pericardium.
¶ Enlarged liver.
¶ Dilated right ventricle.
¶ Lungs are extremely congested and edematous.
¶ Right atrium and vena cava are markedly dilated in some cases.
🐓CAUSES / RISK FACTORS
Many factors are involved directly or indirectly in the cause of Ascitis.
1- Diseases (Bacterial or viral)
Disease that effects the lungs definitly put stress on heart, resulting into ascitis.
2- Mycotoxins
Aflatoxins and toxins from plants.
3- Ventilation Issues
Low oxygen level and high ammonia, CO2 and carbon monoxide levels will effect the lungs resulting into ascitis.
4- High altitude
Low oxygen level at high altitude can effect the organs.
5- Extreme temperature
Chilling temperature or excessive heat can effect the viscosity of blood, furthur resulting into heart failure, then ascitis.
6- Diet issues
Excess feed intake, too much sodium and protein can cause ascitis.
7- Genetic
Premature heart failure or developing water belly can be hereditary.
8 Fast growing and older age hens.
🐓CONTROL AND MEDICATION
¶ By improving ventilation
¶ Decrease feed density during the problem or feed dilution with bran can be effective.
¶ Use liver protectors
¶ Flushing can be recommended.
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